Prevalence, Management, and Impact of Dysmenorrhea on the Lives of Nurse and Midwife Trainees in Northern Ghana

Table 5

Management of dysmenorrhea among nurse and midwife trainees.

Variables	Frequency (n = 202)	Percent (%)
Methods used to reduce pain
Pharmacological methods	42	20.8
Nonpharmacological methods	27	13.4
Both	37	18.3
Nothing to reduce pain	96	47.5
Type of medicine used to reduce pain (n = 79)
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Antispasmodics	52	65.8
Both	9	11.4
Does not use medicine	12	15.2
Other	6	7.6
Time respondents start taking medication (n = 79)
Before pain appears	17	21.5
Appearance of pain regardless of its intensity	15	19.0
When pain becomes unbearable	55	69.6
Nonpharmacological methods to reduce pain (n = 64)
Consumption of sweets	5	7.8
Walk	11	17.2
Sleep	38	59.4
Massage of painful regions	24	37.5
Application of liquids or hot objects on the abdomen	32	50.0

Multiple responses allowed. Source: field data (2022).