TPEN Induces Apoptosis Independently of Zinc Chelator Activity in a Model of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Ex Vivo Acute Leukemia Cells through Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria Caspase-3- and AIF-Dependent Pathways
Figure 6
TPEN induces chromatin condensation, nuclei fragmentation, and mitochondrial depolarization in whole blood ALL cells. ALL cells were incubated with TPEN (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 μM) at 37°C for 24 hours. The cells were then used for several assays. Representative photomicrography ((a)–(f)) illustrates untreated ALL with normal chromatin/nuclei (a) and treated ALL cells with TPEN (20 μM) with condensed chromatin and nuclear fragmentation ((b)–(f)), as determined by Giemsa staining. ((g)–(h)) Representative density (dot) plots showing PI+/−/DiOC6 percentage of four different cell populations in untreated cells ((g)) and cells treated with TPEN (20 μM, (h)) from patient. (i) The percentage of positive condensed/fragmented nuclei evaluated by AO/EB and Giemsa staining and PI+/−/DiOC6 cells in ALL cells exposed to increasing concentration of TPEN are expressed as a mean percentage ± S.D. of two replicas from one independent experiment.
