TPEN Induces Apoptosis Independently of Zinc Chelator Activity in a Model of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Ex Vivo Acute Leukemia Cells through Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria Caspase-3- and AIF-Dependent Pathways
Figure 7
TPEN induces activation of p53, caspase-3, and AIF in isolated ALL cells. ALL cells (1 × 106 cells/mL) were incubated with TPEN (5 μM) at 37°C for 24 hours. Untreated (a) and TPEN-treated cells were stained with anti-p53 (b), anti-caspase-3 (c), and anti-AIF (d) antibodies according to protocol described in Material and Methods section. Notice that compared to control, p53, caspase-3 and AIF positive-nuclei (dark brown color) reflect their nuclear translocation/activation and appear to correlate with the apoptotic nuclear morphology. Notice also that (a) represents the control for each antibody used in ((b)-(d)). Magnification 360x ((a)–(d)), insets 1400x.
