Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin, a Plant Flavanone, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model for Parkinson’s Disease
Figure 2
Effect of hesperidin (20 μg) on rotenone (100 nM)-induced oxidative and antioxidative indices. Rotenone treatment significantly increased and decreased the levels of TBARS and GSH, respectively, as compared to control cells, while hesperidin pretreatment significantly decreased and enhanced the levels of TBARS and GSH as compared to rotenone alone treated cells (Figures 2(a) and 2(b)). Values are presented as mean ± SD of four experiments in each group. compared to control, and compared to rotenone group (DMRT). Rotenone treatment enhanced the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx as compared to untreated cells, while hesperidin pretreatment significantly downregulated the activities of enzymatic antioxidants as compared to rotenone alone treated cells ((c), (d), and (e)). Values are given as mean ± SD of four experiments in each group. 1Enzyme concentration required for 50% inhibition of nitroblue tetrazolium reduction in 1 min. 2Micromoles of hydrogen peroxide consumed per minute. 3Micrograms of glutathione consumed per minute.
