Piperlongumine Inhibits Migration of Glioblastoma Cells via Activation of ROS-Dependent p38 and JNK Signaling Pathways
Figure 1
PL inhibits migration of GBM cells but not normal astrocytes in scratch-wound assay in vitro. (a) Effects of PL on wound-healing 24 h after scratch in LN229 cells. LN229 cells in confluence were scratched, washed twice with DMEM, and then treated with different concentration (0, 1, 2, or 5 μM) of PL for 24 h. The cultures were fixed and stained with Hoechst 33342. The red lines indicated the scratch lines. The number of migrated cells between the opposite scratch lines was counted and the distance migrated by the cells at the leading edge was measured. and compared to group of 0 μM of PL. (b) Effects of PL on cell migration in primary cultured astrocytes. Cultured astrocytes in confluence were treated with different concentration (0, 5, or 10 μM) of PL for 6 h before cell scratch. The migration distance was measured 6 h after scratching. (c) Effects of PL on cell migration in LN229 cells. Migration of LN229 cells was measured 6 h after scratching upon PL treatment. compared to group of 0 μM of PL; compared to group of 5 μM of PL. (d) Effects of PL on cell migration in U87 MG cells at 8 h after scratching upon PL pretreatment. and compared to group of 0 μM of PL. Bar: 50 μm.
