Key Roles of Glutamine Pathways in Reprogramming the Cancer Metabolism

Figure 3

The schematic presentation of two glutamine metabolism pathways: glutaminolysis and reverse TCA and its connection with the Acetyl-CoA pump that transports Acetyl-CoA from mitochondria to cytoplasm. In the case of deteriorated PDHC⁶ activity as in majority of cancers, the carbon skeleton of GLN can be metabolized only to lactate or alanine. The other pathways are rather negligible.