Effect of Carnosine in Experimental Arthritis and on Primary Culture Chondrocytes

Figure 5

Markers of oxidative stress measured in the plasma of rats with adjuvant arthritis. Level of MDA (a) and HNE (b), lag time of Fe²⁺-induced chemiluminescence (c), and levels of protein carbonyls (d). The data are expressed as arithmetic mean with S.E.M. Each group contained 8–10 animals. and with respect to control healthy animals; and with respect to untreated arthritic animals. Groups of animals are the same as in Figure 1.

(a)  

(b)

(c)

(d)