Dysfunction of Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway: Potential Pathogenesis in the Development of Neurocognitive Impairment in Patients with Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

Table 1

Comparison of basic information between patients with OSAHS and healthy controls.

	Control group ()	OSAHS group ()	value
Age (y)	40.8 ± 9.1	45.0 ± 10.1	0.070^a
Men/women ()	20/8	1/7	0.231^c
Education (y)	15 (10–16)	12 (9–15)	0.119^b
BMI (kg/m^2)	27.24 ± 1.92	28.33 ± 3.36	0.494^a
Smoking index	0 (0–350)	140 (0–400)	0.044^b
Drinking index	0 (0–80)	0 (0–22.5)	0.928^b
AHI (events/hour)	1.45 (0.65–2.4)	46.7 (25.8–63.7)	≤0.001^b
LSaO2 (%)	93 (91–94)	77 (57–82)	≤0.001^b
MSaO2 (%)	96 (96-97)	95 (91–96)	≤0.001^b
ODI (events/hour)	1.2 (0.6–2.3)	48.1 (26–63.4)	≤0.001^b
TSat90 (%)	0 (0–0)	5.4 (9.6–20.4)	≤0.001^b
REM%	20.6 ± 2.69	10.2 ± 6.57	≤0.001^a
ESS scores	9 (7–10)	14 (10–18)	≤0.001^b

BMI: body mass index; ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale; TSat90, % of time SaO₂ < 90%; REM%, percent of rapid eye movement in total sleep time. ^aStudent’s t-test (data were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD)). ^bMann–Whitney U test (data were presented as median (minimum-maximum)). ^cChi-squared test (data were presented as number of people). and .