Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Ameliorates Acute Kidney Injury due to Contrast Exposure in Rats through Augmented O-GlcNAcylation

Figure 3

RIPC lowers the levels of apoptosis and oxidative stress in the rat CI-AKI model. (a, c) Quantitative analysis of TUNEL-positive cells and the characteristic photomicrographs of renal tissues using immunofluorescent labeling (red) for TUNEL. DAPI was used to counter-stain the nuclei (blue), with TUNEL-positive staining in nuclei. Scale bars represent 50 μm (original magnification, ×400). (b, d) Quantitative analysis of CellRox-positive cells and the characteristic photomicrographs of renal tissues using immunofluorescent labeling (green) for ROS. Blue, DAPI; nuclear and mitochondrial CellRox-positive staining; scale bars represent 50 μm (original magnification, ×400). Renal MDA (e) and SOD (f) concentrations as well as protein concentrations utilized as the comparison standard. The MDA level is expressed as nmol/mg protein, and SOD activities of renal tissues are expressed as U/mg protein. (g–j) Representative immunoblots and statistical analysis of Bcl-2 (H), Bax (i), and cleaved caspase-3 (j) in renal lysates. , compared with the sham + NS group; , compared with the sham + CM group; .

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