Exendin-4 and Liraglutide Attenuate Glucose Toxicity-Induced Cardiac Injury through mTOR/ULK1-Dependent Autophagy

Figure 1

Effect of exendin-4 (Exe) and liraglutide (LIRA) on cardiomyocyte shortening in ventricular myocytes isolated from adult mouse hearts: (a) resting cell length; (b) peak shortening (PS); (c) maximal velocity of shortening (+dL/dt); (d) maximal velocity of relengthening (−dL/dt); (e) time to PS (TPS); (f) time-to-90% relengthening (TR₉₀). , cells per group, versus the NG group; versus the HG group.

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