The Role of TLR4 on PGC-1α-Mediated Oxidative Stress in Tubular Cell in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Figure 1

TLR4 expression was upregulated in renal biopsy specimens of DKD patients. (a) PASM (magnification ×200) and PAS (magnification ×100) staining were done to renal biopsy tissues of patients with DKD (A1, B, D) and N-DKD (A, C). IHC studies demonstrated the expression of TLR4 in renal biopsy tissues of patients with DKD versus N-DKD (F versus E). EM detected tubular mitochondria of renal tissue of DKD patients compared with N-DKD (H–I versus G) (scale bars: 1 μm). Asterisks indicate elongated (>2 μm) mitochondria. (b) Renal cortical relative expression of TLR4 in renal biopsies of patients with DKD and N-DKD. (c) Quantification of mitochondrial fragmentation of renal tubular cells. (d) and (e) The correlation between TLR4 expression and tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis (IFTA) scores (, ) and urinary β-NAG levels (, ) were observed in the scatter plots. Values are . .

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