An Extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. Promotes Psychological Resilience in a Mouse Model of Depression

Figure 1

Oral administration of PMI 5011 promotes resilience to RSDS. (a) Schematic design of the experiment. (b) Treatment with PMI 5011 that increases the proportion of mice showing a resilient phenotype, as measured by the social interaction ratio (two-tailed unpaired -test, , , , 21 mice; one mouse from each group was excluded as outlier). (c) Representative heat maps (left) and bar graph (right) of the social avoidance behavioral test of duration spent in interaction zone (seconds) in the absence or presence of social target in vehicle- and PMI 5011-treated mice (vehicle group: two-tailed paired -test, , ; PMI 5011 group: two-tailed paired -test, , ). (d) Splash test (two-tailed unpaired -test, , , , 14 mice). (e) Sucrose preference test (two-tailed unpaired -test, , , , 14 mice). All bar graphs represent mean ± SEM, , .

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