Maternal Smoking Highly Affects the Function, Membrane Integrity, and Rheological Properties in Fetal Red Blood Cells

Table 1

Parameters of the study groups.

	Neonates born to nonsmoking mothers	Neonates born to smoking mothers
	62	51
Birthweight (kg)
Gestational age at delivery (week)
Blood sample pH
Chest circumference (cm)
Head circumference (cm)
APGAR score at 1 min
Maternal age (years)

Total blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord arteries of neonates born to nonsmoking (NS, ) and smoking (S, ) mothers and analyzed according to the experimental protocols. The data are expressed as . Statistical significances were accepted at and by one-way ANOVA using the Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test. APGAR: appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration.