Apolipoprotein E Deficiency Aggravates Neuronal Injury by Enhancing Neuroinflammation via the JNK/c-Jun Pathway in the Early Phase of Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice

Figure 6

APOE deficiency enhanced JNK-mediated neuroinflammation. (a) SAH promoted JNK phosphorylation (, , compared to sham, ), while P-JNK level was higher in APOE^-/- mice than in WT mice (^##). (b) SAH promoted c-JUN phosphorylation (, compared to sham, ), while P-c-Jun level was higher in APOE^-/- mice than in WT mice (^##). (c) Immunofluorescence showing higher level of JNK phosphorylation in microglia in APOE^-/- mice than in WT mice. (d–f) ELISA showing that SAH promoted cytokine expression including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (,, compared to sham, ), while the levels of these cytokines were higher in APOE^-/- mice than in WT mice (^#, ^##). .

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