Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Research Article

Phytochemical and Antioxidant Studies on a Rare Rheum cordatum Losinsk. Species from Kazakhstan

Table 1

The list of tentatively identified and traced molecules in the analysed Rheum cordatum ethanol : water (50 : 50 ) extracts together with a relative comparison of their content in the studied plant organs.


Ionisation mode	Rt (min)	Molecular formula	experimental	calculated	Delta (ppm)	DBE	MS/MS fragments	Tentative compound	Root	Leaf	Seed	Stem	References

Anthraquinone derivatives
[M-H]^-	24.99	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₀	431.0971	431.0984	2.94	12	413, 269	Emodin 1-glucoside	++++	++	++	++++	[24]
[M-H]^-	25.29	C₂₈H₂₄O₁₄	583.1083	583.1093	1.76	17	435, 269, 169	Emodin galloyl-hexose	+	—	—	+	[27]
[M-H]^-	25.36	C₂₃H₂₂O₁₁	473.1084	473.1089	1.13	13	269, 186	Emodin acetyl-hexose	++	++	+	+++	[24]
[M-H]^-	25.46	C₂₄H₂₂O₁₃	517.1019	517.0988	-6.05	14	473, 431, 269	Emodin-8-O-(6-O-carboxyacetyl)-β-D-glucoside	++	++	+	++++	[27]
[M-H]^-	26.025	C₁₅H₁₀O₄	253.0505	253.2506	0.52	11	225	Chrysophanol	+	tr	tr	+	[27]
[M-H]^-	28.00	C₁₇H₁₂O₆	311.0561	311.0561	0.04	12	269, 224, 169	Acetyl-aloe-emodin	+	—	—	+	[24]
[M-H]^-	30.4	C₁₅H₁₀O₅	269.0.454	269.0455	0.54	11	225, 180	Aloe-emodin	+	tr	—	+++	[27, 28]
[M-H]^-	33.7	C₁₅H₁₀O₅	269.0436	269.0455	7.21	10.5	225	Emodin	++++	++	+++	++++	[25, 27, 28]
Phenolic compounds
[M-H]^-	19.59, 24.6 and 22.67	C₂₈H₂₄O₁₄	583.1073	583.1093	3.47	17	269, 169,	Apigenin galloyl-glucoside analogues	+	tr	tr	+	[29]
[M-H]^-	3.55	C₇H₆O₅	169.0140	169.0142	1.45	5	125	Gallic acid	++	++	+++	+	[30]
[M-H]^-	4.75	C₁₃H₁₆O₁₀	331.0673	331.0671	-0.69	6	169, 125	Gallic acid glucoside	++++	++++	++	+++	[24]
[M-H]^-	13.5	C₁₅H₁₄O₆	289.0698	289.0718	6.76	9	245, 203	Catechin (CA)	++	++	++	+++	[29, 31]
[M-H]^-	16.05	C₁₅H₁₄O₆	289.0699	289.0718	6.42	9	245, 205	Epicatechin (ECA)	++	+++	+++	+++	[29, 31]
[M-H]^-	16.3	C₂₂H₁₈O₁₁	457.0808	457.0776	-6.91	14	305, 169	Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)	+++	+++	++++	+++	[29, 31]
[M-H]^-	18.58	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₀	431.0978	431.0984	1.32	12	311, 283, 269	Apigenin glucoside	—	+++	+	++	[29, 30]
[M-H]^-	19.0	C₂₂H₁₈O₁₀	441.0835	441.0827	-1.76	14	289, 169	Epicatechin gallate (ECG)	++++	++++	++++	++++	[29]
[M-H]^-	20.56	C₁₅H₁₂O₅	269.0616	269.0612	-1.48	10	—	Apigenin	tr	—	—	—	[29]
[M-H]^-	22.78	C₁₄H₁₂O₃	227.0702	227.0714	5.12	9	—	Trans-resveratrol	+	tr	tr	tr	[27]
[M-H]^-	24.2	C₁₅H₁₀O₇	301.0343	301.0354	3.56	11	273, 178, 151	Quercetin	+	++++	++++	++	[31]
[M-H]^-	24.63	C₂₂H₂₄O₁₀	447.1289	447.1297	1.72	11	285, 242, 227	Tetrahydroxystilbene-O-(acetyl)-hexose	+	—	—	+	[24]
[M-H]^-	26.9	C₁₅H₁₀O₆	285.0386	285.0405	6.51	11	213, 151	Kaempferol	+	+++	+	++	[30]
[M-H]^-	29.5	C₂₁H₂₄O₁₁	451.1231	451.1246	3.28	10	407, 305, 179	Epicatechin glucoside	+	Tr	—	+	[29] Reference compound

DBE: double bond equivalent, delta: error of measurement in ppm; Rt: retention time; tr: traced; +, ++, +++: the relative quantity in the extracts.