Dibromoacetic Acid Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice through Oxidative Stress and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway Activation

Figure 5

Oral administration of DBA increased the production of TNF-α and the levels of mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-κB in the livers of Balb/c mice. (a) The production of TNF-α was determined by ELISA assay. The values represent the , . The mRNA level of (b) TNF-α, (c) IL-1β, (d) IL-6, and (e) NF-κB in the livers was analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The values are shown as the fold change over the control group, . , versus the control group.

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