Kynurenine, a Tryptophan Metabolite That Increases with Age, Induces Muscle Atrophy and Lipid Peroxidation

Figure 2

Oxidative stress and muscle morphology changes after 1-MT treatment in aged female mice. (a) Quadriceps muscle mass was significantly increased in mice treated with high-dose 1-MT compared to VEH. (b, c) Muscle fiber size was significantly increased in mice treated with low- and high-dose 1-MT compared to VEH, visualized with laminin staining. Representative muscle fibers are marked with stars. Scale bar: 100 μm. (d) H₂O₂ levels were significantly decreased in mouse quadriceps muscles with 1-MT treatment. (e) Aged mice gained significant peak muscle strength after 4 weeks of 1-MT treatment. /group. Data are presented as . , , and .

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