Potential Protective Effect of Dietary Intake of Non-α-Tocopherols on Cellular Aging Markers Mediated by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Prediabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study of Chinese Adults

Table 1

Difference of clinical characteristics of individuals with different glucose tolerance status.

	NGT ()	Pre-DM ()	DM ()	value
Gender (M/F)	168/78	106/68	103/59	0.277
Age (years)		^a	^a	<0.001
BMI (kg/m^2)		^a	^a	<0.001
WC (cm)		^a	^a	<0.001
HC (cm)		^a	^a	<0.001
SBP (mmHg)		^a	^a	<0.001
DBP (mmHg)				0.654
HbA1c (%)		^a	^a,b	<0.001
FPG (mmol/L)	5.53 (5.25, 5.81)	6.22 (5.87, 6.50)^a	8.41 (7.26, 10.17)^a,b	<0.001
2hPG (mmol/L)	6.11 (5.17, 7.15)	8.04 (6.78, 9.30)^a	15.43 (11.71, 19.42)^a,b	<0.001
FINS (μIU/mL)	8.93 (6.62, 12.23)	9.77 (7.24, 13.84)	11.38 (7.38, 17.55)^a	<0.001
2hINS (μIU/mL)	34.70 (19.36, 52.84)	54.47 (36.07, 79.47)^a	46.92 (25.94, 86.65)^a	<0.001
FCP (ng/mL)	1.20 (0.94, 1.55)	1.38 (1.15, 1.91)^a	1.44 (0.96, 2.02)^a	<0.001
2hCP (ng/mL)	4.62 (3.33, 5.89)	6.29 (4.66, 8.18)	5.19 (3.25, 7.40)^a,b	<0.001
UA (μmol/L)		^a		0.002
TC (mmol/L)		^a		0.013
TG (mmol/L)	1.22 (0.82, 1.61)	1.53 (1.08, 2.28)^a	1.72 (1.17, 2.37)^a	<0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L)			^a	0.023
LDL-C (mmol/L)		^a	^a	<0.001

^a compared with NGT. ^b compared with pre-DM. Abbreviations: NGT—normal glucose tolerance; pre-D—prediabetes; DM—diabetes mellitus; BMI—body mass index; WC—waist circumference; HC—hip circumference; SBP—systolic blood pressure; DBP—diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c—glycosylated hemoglobin; FPG—fasting plasma glucose; 2hPG—2 h postload plasma glucose; FINS—fasting insulin; 2hINS—2 h postload insulin; FCP—fasting C-peptide; 2hCP—2 h postload C-peptide; UA—uric acid; TC—total cholesterol; TG—total triglyceride; HDL-C—high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C—low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.