Leukocyte Telomere Length Independently Predicts 3-Year Diabetes Risk in a Longitudinal Study of Chinese Population

Table 5

Multivariate logistic regression models to evaluate the effect of covariates on the association between the baseline LTL and 3-year diabetes risk.

Models	Variables	Adjusted OR	95% CI	values
Model 1	Age	1.010	0.962-1.060	0.699
	Male sex	1.080	0.389-2.996	0.883
	LTL	0.423	0.231-0.776	0.005
Model 2	Age	0.981	0.924-1.042	0.537
	Male sex	2.199	0.387-12.481	0.374
	BMI	0.999	0.801-1.247	0.993
	WC	1.009	0.937-1.087	0.807
	HbA1c	2.513	0.825-7.652	0.105
	FPG	0.555	0.175-1.765	0.319
	PG30min	1.517	0.984-2.339	0.059
	PG60min	1.157	0.779-1.718	0.470
	PG120min	0.869	0.568-1.330	0.518
	TG	0.691	0.325-1.469	0.337
	HDL-C	0.163	0.007-3.586	0.250
	LDL-C	0.898	0.328-2.455	0.833
	UA	0.994	0.985-1.004	0.239
	Matsuda index	1.050	0.852-1.293	0.648
	ISSI-2	0.756	0.174-3.274	0.708
	LTL	0.414	0.187-0.919	0.030
Model 3	Age	0.996	0.931-1.066	0.902
	Male sex	3.008	0.410-22.079	0.279
	BMI	0.944	0.746-1.196	0.636
	WC	1.003	0.931-1.081	0.939
	HbA1c	2.356	0.685-8.105	0.174
	FPG	0.608	0.169-2.184	0.445
	PG30min	1.501	0.930-2.422	0.097
	PG60min	1.094	0.705-1.697	0.689
	PG120min	1.004	0.628-1.604	0.988
	TG	0.656	0.283-1.520	0.326
	HDL-C	0.140	0.004-4.392	0.263
	LDL-C	0.904	0.305-2.675	0.855
	UA	0.994	0.984-1.003	0.191
	Matsuda index	1.129	0.902-1.413	0.289
	ISSI-2	0.635	0.143-2.817	0.550
	mtDNAcn	0.994	0.979-1.010	0.471
	TNF-α	1.007	0.933-1.086	0.865
	IL-6	0.874	0.721-1.059	0.169
	8-OHdG	0.977	0.950-1.005	0.108
	SOD activity	1.003	0.955-1.052	0.917
	LTL	0.341	0.139-0.839	0.019

Model 1: adjusted for age and sex. Model 2: adjusted for Model 1+conventional diabetes risk factors (BMI, WC, HbA1c, FPG, PG30min, PG60min, PG120min, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, UA, Matsuda index, and ISSI-2). Model 3: adjusted for Model 2+mtDNAcn, as well as biomarkers related to oxidative stress and inflammation (mtDNAcn, TNF-α, IL-6, 8-OHdG, and SOD). Abbreviations: BMI—body mass index; WC—waist circumference; HbA1c—glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; FPG—fasting plasma glucose; PG—plasma glucose; TG—total triglyceride; HDL-C—high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C—low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; UA—uric acid; ISSI-2—insulin sensitivity index-2; LTL—leukocyte telomere length; mtDNAcn—mitochondrial DNA copy number; TNF-α—tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-6—interleukine-6; 8-OHdG—8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine; SOD—superoxide dismutase.