Nicotinamide Riboside Alleviates Cardiac Dysfunction and Remodeling in Pressure Overload Cardiac Hypertrophy

Figure 2

NR significantly alleviates the cardiac dysfunction caused by TAC. (a) The M-mode echocardiograms of the midventricle at the level of the papillary muscles. (b) There was no significant difference in mouse heart rate (HR) among groups (). (c, d) NR treatment significantly improved the left ventricular systolic function of TAC mice (EF: vs. ; FS: vs. , ). (e–g) NR treatment significantly improved TAC-induced changes in cardiac structure (LV EDD: vs. ; LV ESD: vs. ; LV wall thickness: , ). HR: heart rate; EF: ejection fraction; FS: fractional shortening; LV EDD: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LV ESD: left ventricular end-systolic dimension. vs. sham group; ^# vs. TAC group.

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