Early Perihematomal Edema Expansion: Definition, Significance, and Association with Outcomes after Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Table 2

Univariate and multivariate analysis of predictors for poor outcome (mRS 4-6) at 3 months.

Variable	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval	value
Univariate analysis
Age, year^a	1.03	1.01-1.05	0.012
Sex, male	1.43	0.82-2.50	0.212
Alcohol consumption	1.14	0.67-1.95	0.639
Smoking	1.33	0.78-2.26	0.292
Hypertension	1.57	0.84-2.95	0.161
Diabetes mellitus	1.45	0.64-3.29	0.378
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg^a	1.01	1.00-1.02	0.025
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg^a	1.01	1.00-1.03	0.097
Admission GCS score^a	0.69	0.62-0.77	<0.001
Baseline ICH volume, mL^a	1.07	1.04-1.10	<0.001
IVH at baseline CT	4.64	2.58-8.33	<0.001
Time from onset to CT, hour^a	0.84	0.71-1.00	0.046
Admission PHE volume, mL^a	1.12	1.06-1.17	<0.001
Absolute PHE increase, mL^a	1.16	1.09-1.23	<0.001
Early PHE expansion	5.83	3.02-11.24	<0.001
Multivariate analysis
Age, year^a	1.03	1.00-1.06	0.073
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg^a	1.01	0.99-1.02	0.289
Admission GCS score^a	0.76	0.68-0.86	<0.001
Baseline ICH volume, mL^a	1.06	1.02-1.11	0.003
IVH at baseline CT	5.41	2.48-11.81	<0.001
Time from onset to CT, hour^a	0.98	0.78-1.24	0.852
Early PHE expansion	4.25	1.70-10.60	0.002

ICH: intracerebral hemorrhage; CT: computed tomography; IVH: intraventricular hemorrhage; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; mRS: modified Rankin scale; PHE: perihematomal edema; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. ^aPer unit change in regressor.