GPX4-Regulated Ferroptosis Mediates S100-Induced Experimental Autoimmune Hepatitis Associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway

Figure 2

Ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor, significantly improves S100-induced autoimmune hepatitis. (a) Experimental protocol for Ferrostatin-1 treatment of S100-induced AIH model mice. (b)–(d) ALT, AST, and IgG levels in the control group, AIH group, Ferrostatin-1-treated group, and AIH + Ferrostatin-1 group are shown. (e) Representative H&E staining of liver tissue sections. The black arrow indicates the lymphocytic infiltration (original magnification 20×). (f)TNF-α, IFNγ, IL-17, IL-10, and TGF-β levels in liver; (g) and (h) Western blot showing protein expression of COX2, ACSL4, GPX4, and FTH1 in the control, AIH, Ferrostatin-1, and AIH + Ferrostatin-1 groups; GAPDH was used as a loading control. (i) IHC images of COX2 and GPX4 in liver sections (original magnification 20×). (j) Semiquantitative IHC results. (k) Detection of lipid peroxidation by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. (l) Fe²⁺ levels in liver; , compared with control group; ^#, compared with AIH group.

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