Bilirubin Oxidation End Products (BOXes) Induce Neuronal Oxidative Stress Involving the Nrf2 Pathway

Figure 3

BOX A and BOX B increase the level of reactive oxygen species in primary cortical neurons. (a) A representative of reactive oxygen species (ROS) staining is shown by fluorescence imaging with DCF-DA (green). 10 DIV cultured PCNs were treated with BOX A or BOX B (10 μM) for 48 h and then incubated with DCF-DA probe, washed for imaging. Bar: 200 μm. (b) Normalized ROS level in PCNs treated with indicated concentrations of BOX A (red) or BOX B (blue) for 48 h. Data represented as (), ANOVA, and Fisher’s LSD post hoc test. , , and vs. vehicle (0.1% DMSO).

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