Triptolide Induces Liver Injury by Regulating Macrophage Recruitment and Polarization via the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway

Figure 1

Effects of TP on the Nrf2 signal pathway both in vivo and in vitro. (a) Comparison of Nrf2 mRNA expression in primary hepatocytes (HCs) and Kupffer cells (KCs) (). (b) Changes on the viability of Raw264.7 cells administrated with different concentrations of TP for 24 hours (). (c) Effect of TP on the transportation of Nrf2 to the nucleus in Raw264.7 cells (). (d) Changes of Nrf2 and NQO1 in the liver of mice after TP treatment for 14 days (). (e) Changes in the serum ALT and AST in female and male mice administrated with TP for 14 days (). (f) Representative images of HE-stained livers from female and male mice; inflammatory infiltration (black arrows), 200x magnification. Data are presented as , and vs. control.

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