Inhibition of the TLR/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Improvement of Autophagy Mediates Neuroprotective Effects of Plumbagin in Parkinson’s Disease

Figure 2

Plumbagin suppressed TLR/NF-κB activation in PD mice induced by MPTP or MPTP/probenecid. (a) Western blotting analysis of TLR2 and TLR4 in mice treated with the vehicle, MPTP, plumbagin+MPTP, and plumbagin. (b) Quantitative data of the TLR2 protein levels in each mice group. (c) Quantitative data of the TLR4 protein levels in each mice group. (d) Western blotting analysis of NF-κB p65 in mice treated with the vehicle, MPTP, plumbagin+MPTP, and plumbagin. (e) Quantitative data of the NF-κB p65 protein levels in each mice group. (f) Western blotting analysis of TLR2 and TLR4 in mice treated with the vehicle, MPTP/probenecid, plumbagin+MPTP/probenecid, and plumbagin. (g) Quantitative data of the TLR2 protein levels in each mice group. (h) Quantitative data of the TLR4 protein levels in each mice group. (i) Western blotting analysis of NF-κB p65 in mice treated with the vehicle, MPTP, plumbagin+MPTP, and plumbagin. (j) Quantitative data of the NF-κB p65 protein levels in each mice group. (k) The quantification of the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in SNpc of mice treated with the vehicle, MPTP, plumbagin+MPTP, and plumbagin was examined by RT-qPCR (). (l) The quantification of the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the SNpc of mice treated with the vehicle, MPTP/p, plumbagin+MPTP/p, and plumbagin examined by RT-qPCR (). Data is expressed as the , , , and .

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