Research Article

Theaflavin-3,3-Digallate Protects Cartilage from Degradation by Modulating Inflammation and Antioxidant Pathways

Figure 8

The mechanism of TFDG delaying cartilage degradation involves the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway and the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and MAPK pathways.