Mycophenolic Acid Induces the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Damage through Mitochondrial ROS

Figure 4

MPA downregulated TJ expression and induced apoptosis in Caco-2 cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay after 24 h of exposure to 0-100 μM MPA (a). Protein expression of occludin and ZO-1 in Caco-2 cells assessed by Western blot (b). Immunofluorescence staining of occludin and ZO-1 in Caco-2 cells (c). Occludin and ZO-1 showed green fluorescence, and DAPI-stained nuclei showed blue fluorescence. Protein expression of Bax/Bcl-2 in Caco-2 cells assessed by Western blot (d). Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after membrane linked protein V-FITC/PI staining (e). (f) Quantification of (e). Data are expressed as the , ; , significantly different from the control.

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