Effect of Shenfu Injection on Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Pacemaker-Like Cells and Improvement of Pacing Function of Sinoatrial Node

Figure 3

Expression of HCN4 in BMSCs treated with Shenfu injection (SFI). (a) Western blot was conducted to examine the HCN4 expression in SFI-treated BMSCs at protein levels. (b) Real-time PCR was used to detect HCN4 mRNA expression. Data are expressed as the , , , , vs. LV-NC. (c) Representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the ultrastructure derived from BMSCs. . (d) ELISA was performed to detect the expression of cAMP. Data are expressed as the , , , vs. LV-NC. SFI-L: Shenfu injection-low dose (10 μL/mL); SFI-M: Shenfu injection-medium dose (20 μL/mL); SFI-H: Shenfu injection-high dose (40 μL/mL).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)