[Retracted] Carveol Promotes Nrf2 Contribution in Depressive Disorders through an Anti-inflammatory Mechanism

Figure 6

Effects of carveol on LPS-induced neuroinflammation. (a) p-NFKB and (b) TNF-α levels were measured by ELISA. Data are expressed as . (c) Immunohistochemistry results for COX-2 in the cortex and hippocampus. Scale bar 50 μm, magnification 40x. Data are expressed as . and are compared to the saline group; ## and # indicate a significant difference compared to the LPS group, and † is compared to ATRA+LPS. The saline, LPS, CAR+LPS, and FLX + LPS groups were those studied in the first cohort (/group), while the ATRA+LPS, CAR+ATRA+LPS, and ATRA+LPS+ FLX groups were from the second cohort (/group). CAR 20: carveol (20 mg/kg); LPS: lipopolysaccharide; ATRA: all-trans retinoic acid; FLX: fluoxetine; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; COX-2: cycloxygenase-2; p-NFkB: nuclear factor-kappa B.

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