Association of Visit-to-Visit Variability in Fasting Plasma Glucose with Digestive Cancer Risk
Table 3
Risks of site-specific digestive cancer according to quartiles of FPG variability assessed by SD.
Variables
HR (95% CI) according to quartiles of variability of FPG
Quartile 1
Quartile 2
Quartile 3
Quartile 4
Gastric and esophageal
Events,
50 (0.2)
47 (0.19)
59 (0.24)
69 (0.28)
IR
0.2
0.19
0.24
0.28
Cox regression models
Model 1
1 (reference)
1.109 (0.744-1.652)
1.310 (0.898-1.911)
1.187 (0.824-1.711)
value
0.5518†
0.6118
0.1603
0.3568
Model 2
1 (reference)
1.107 (0.743-1.649)
1.310 (0.898-1.911)
1.105 (0.785-1.686)
value
0.5662†
0.6169
0.1610
0.4726
Model 3
1 (reference)
1.100 (0.738-1.639)
1.300 (0.891-1.897)
1.139 (0.776-1.670)
value
0.5877†
0.6403
0.1732
0.5062
Liver
Events,
46 (0.19)
55 (0.22)
68 (0.28)
74 (0.3)
IR
0.19
0.22
0.28
0.30
Cox regression models
Model 1
1 (reference)
1.412 (0.954-2.091)
1.689 (1.161-2.456)
1.470 (1.016-2.127)
value
0.0517†
0.0843
0.0062
0.0407
Model 2
1 (reference)
1.411 (0.953-2.089)
1.680 (1.155-2.445)
1.441 (0.984-2.111)
value
0.0581†
0.0853
0.0067
0.0606
Model 3
1 (reference)
1.407 (0.95-2.082)
1.682 (1.156-2.449)
1.427 (0.973-2.092)
value
0.0585†
0.0881
0.0066
0.0686
Pancreatic
Events,
11 (0.04)
26 (0.11)
17 (0.07)
29 (0.12)
IR
0.04
0.11
0.07
0.12
Cox regression models
Model 1
1 (reference)
2.741 (1.354-5.551)
1.667 (0.78-3.562)
2.207 (1.101-4.425)
value
0.0335†
0.0051
0.1873
0.0257
Model 2
1 (reference)
2.741 (1.354-5.552)
1.660 (0.776-3.549)
2.090 (1.017-4.294)
value
0.0374†
0.0051
0.1911
0.0449
Model 3
1 (reference)
2.743 (1.354-5.556)
1.674 (0.783-3.579)
2.105 (1.024-4.329)
value
0.0376†
0.0051
0.1842
0.0430
Colorectal
Events,
82 (0.33)
82 (0.33)
120 (0.49)
135 (0.55)
IR
0.33
0.33
0.49
0.55
Cox regression models
Model 1
1 (reference)
1.165 (0.858-1.583)
1.603 (1.210-2.124)
1.433 (1.088-1.887)
value
0.0047†
0.3285
0.0010
0.0105
Model 2
1 (reference)
1.166 (0.858-1.584)
1.612 (1.217-2.136)
1.443 (1.081-1.926)
value
0.0045†
0.3269
0.0009
0.0128
Model 3
1 (reference)
1.164 (0.856-1.581)
1.600 (1.207-2.121)
1.432 (1.073-1.912)
value
0.0056†
0.3324
0.0011
0.0149
IR (incidence rate) presented as per 1000 person-years. † for trend. Model 1: adjusted for age and sex. Model 2: model 1 + LDL-C, baseline FPG, antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Model 3: model 2 + BMI, current smoking, current drinking, physical exercise, and family history of cancer. Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HR: hazard ratio; SD: standard deviation.
