Markers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Fibrosis in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Table 4

Demographic and clinical characteristics of AF patients who underwent electrical cardioversion or pulmonary vein isolation.

Variable	Electrical cardioversion ()	Pulmonary vein isolation ()	value
Age (years)	59 (±10)	57 (±9)	0.370
Male, (%)	20 (74.1)	34 (70.8)	0.974
Height (cm)	175 (±11)	175 (±10)	0.885
Weight (kg)	97.1 (±19.2)	86.2 (±13.6)	0.006
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	31.8 (±6.0)	28.1 (±3.2)	<0.001
Heart rate (beats per minute)	63 (±10)	56 (±8)	0.002
Peripheral systolic blood pressure (pSBP) (mmHg)	124 (±15)	128 (±12)	0.271
Peripheral diastolic blood pressure (pDPB) (mmHg)	78 (±9)	79 (±9)	0.765
Peripheral pulse pressure (pPP) (mmHg)	46 (±9)	50 (±9)	0.154
hsCRP (mg/l)	2.3 (1.2-4.1)	1.5 (0.9-3.2)	0.223
MPO (ng/l)	84.3 (49.8-131.8)	40.5 (30.9-72.1)	0.007
Galectin-3 (mg/l)	11.4 (10.2-14.8)	11.1 (9.4-14.4)	0.613
oxLDL (U/l)	71.4 (61.9-89.2)	73.0 (59.6-94.2)	0.762
NT-proBNP (pg/ml)	991.0 (365.0-1240.0)	115.5 (81.0-231.0)	<0.001
Ejection fraction (%)	53 (±10)	61 (±7)	<0.001
Left atrial diameter (cm)	4.1 (±0.5)	4.0 (±0.5)	0.656
Left atrial end systolic volume index (ml/m^2)	36.0 (±12.0)	36.5 (±8.3)	0.830
CHA2DS2-VASc score, (SD)	1.8 (±1.2)	1.3 (±1.2)	0.070
AF type; Paroxysmal, (%); Persistent, (%)	7 (25.9); 20 (74.1)	38 (79.2); 10 (20.8)	<0.001; <0.001
Antiarrhythmic drug; None, (%); Propafenone, (%); Amiodarone, (%); Flecainide, (%)	5 (18.5); 17 (63.0); 5 (18.5); 0 (0)	5 (10.4); 27 (56.3); 8 (16.7); 8 (16.7)	0.524; 0.747; 0.909; 0.064
Use of beta-blockers, (%)	22 (81.5)	45 (93.8)	0.207
AF recurrence during 1-year follow-up, (%)	21 (77.8)	9 (18.8)	<0.001

Values are presented as or median (IQR) or count (%). SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MPO: myeloperoxidase; oxLDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide.