Naringin Inhibits Apoptosis Induced by Cyclic Stretch in Rat Annular Cells and Partially Attenuates Disc Degeneration by Inhibiting the ROS/NF-κB Pathway

Figure 1

Effect of naringin on cyclic stretch-induced apoptosis in annulus fibrosus (AF) cells. (a) Effect of naringin on the cytotoxicity of rat AF cells. compared to the control group. (b) Effect of naringin based on morphological changes induced during rat AF cell apoptosis in response to cyclic stretch. Apoptotic cells were characterized by cell shrinkage and detachment from the silicone membrane (arrows). Scale bar: 100 μm. (c, d) Morphological changes associated with apoptotic nuclei detected by Hoechst 33258 staining. Apoptotic nuclei showed the presence of condensed or fragmented DNA brightly stained with Hoechst 33258 (arrows). Scale bar: 50 μm. (e) Effect of naringin on the apoptosis rate of rat AF cells stimulated by cyclic stretch. compared to the stretch group; ^## compared to the control group. (f) Representative graphs of flow cytometry analysis for cell apoptosis. (g) Effect of naringin on cyclic-stretch-induced caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 activation. compared to the stretch group. ^# and ^## compared to the control group.