Exploration of the Protective Mechanism of Naringin in the Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Injury by Metabolomics

Figure 2

Typical 500 MHz CPMG ¹H NMR spectra for serum (a) and liver (b) samples of the four groups of mice. N: control; APAP; YL: APAP+low-dose therapy; YM: APAP+high-dose therapy. Keys: 1. isoleucine; 2. leucine; 3. valine; 4. 3-hydroxyisobutyrate; 5. 3-hydroxybutyrate; 6. lactate; 7. alanine; 8. acetate; 9. lysine; 10. homoserine; 11. glutamine; 12. O-acetylcarnitine; 13. pyruvate; 14. succinate; 15. citrate; 16. N, N-dimethylglycine; 17. histamine; 18. creatine; 19. ornithine; 20. phenylalanine; 21. glucose; 22. taurine; 23. methanol; 24. glycerol; 25. threonine; 26. 1,3-dihydroxyacetone; 27. tyrosine; 28. inosine; 29. formate; 30. hypoxanthine; 31. tryptophan; 32. xanthine.

(a)

(b)