Clinical Significance of Albumin- and Bilirubin-Based Biomarkers in Glaucoma: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

Table 1

Demographics and parameters of glaucoma patients and healthy controls.

	Glaucoma	Healthy controls	value
	175	293	—
Age (year)	62 (54 71)	63 (54 71)	0.0838
Gender
Female	94	136	0.1517
Male	81	157
PACG/POAG	105/70	—
IOP (mmHg)	21.1 (16.8 32.5) ↑	15.8 (12.5 17.8)	<0.0001
Glaucoma severity
Early	32	—	—
Moderate	38	—	—
Severe	105	—	—
NEU (10^9/L)	4.0 (3.3 5.0) ↑	3.4 (2.7 4.1)	<0.0001
TP (g/L)	71.9 (68.6 74.7) ↓	72.5 (70.0 75.6)	0.0087
ALB (g/L)	43.5 (42.1 45.3) ↓	44.6 (43.1 46.6)	<0.0001
GLB (g/L)			0.9770
TBIL (mol/L)	15.4 (12.3 19.2) ↓	17.2 (13.9 20.7)	0.0052
DBIL (mol/L)	5.2 (4.1 6.5)	4.9 (4.2 5.9)	0.0925
IBIL (mol/L)	10.2 (7.9 12.7) ↓	11.8 (9.5 14.9)	<0.0001
NAR	0.092 (0.075 0.116) ↑	0.076 (0.060 0.094)	<0.0001
NTBR	0.247 (0.197 0.354) ↑	0.204 (0.149 0.267)	<0.0001
NIBR	0.382 (0.280 0.552) ↑	0.283 (0.207 0.391)	<0.0001

Data are presented as median (IQR) except for GLB, which is presented as . Abbreviations: IQR: interquartile range; PACG: primary angle-closure glaucoma; POAG: primary open-angle glaucoma; IOP: intraocular pressure; NEU: neutrophil counts; TP: total protein; ALB: albumin; GLB: globulin; TBIL: total bilirubin; DBIL: direct bilirubin; IBIL: indirect bilirubin; NAR: neutrophil-to-albumin ratio; NTBR: neutrophil-to-total bilirubin ratio; NIBR: neutrophil-to-indirect bilirubin ratio. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed for checking data normality. The differences of all parameters between glaucoma patients and healthy controls were examined by Mann–Whitney test, except for the gender and GLB, which was examined by Chi-square test and unpaired Student’s test (two-tailed), respectively. was considered statistically significant.