Erythropoietin Resistance Development in Hemodialysis Patients: The Role of Oxidative Stress

Table 3

Biochemical profiles of patients according to short-acting EPO (epoetin-α/epoetin-β) resistance.

Measured parameters	ERI (IU/kg/week/gHb)		Value
	<1.0 IU/kg/gHb nonresistant	≥1.0 IU/kg/gHb resistant
	Hb (g/L)
Hct (%)
MCV (fL)
MCH (pg)
MCHC (g/L)
FOL (ng/mL)	25.80 (12.10)	25.80 (0.00)
VitB12 (pg/mL)	1197.00 (1012)	1342.50 (1106)
Fe (μmol/L)
TSAT (%)
FER (ng/mL)
CRP (mg/L)	4.45 (11.75)	7.32 (19.95)
TP (g/L)
ALB (g/L)	76
PALB (g/L)
TRSF (g/L)
UA (μmol/L)
BMI (kg/m^2)
nPCR (g/kg/24 h)
IDWG (%)
VitD (ng/mL)
iPTH (pg/mL)	80.20 (164.40)	115.60 (180.38)
Kt/V
spKt/V
URR (%)
MMDI (mg)

Values are shown as mean (SD), except for FOL, VitB₁₂, CRP, and iPTH where data were not normally distributed and shown as median (interquartile range). ERI, erythropoietin resistance index; Hb, hemoglobin; Hct, hematocrit, MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; FOL, serum folate concentration; VitB₁₂, serum vitamin B₁₂ concentration; Fe, serum iron concentration; TSAT, transferrin saturation; FER, serum ferritin concentration; CRP, serum C-reactive protein concentration; TP, serum total protein concentration, ALB, serum albumin concentration; PALB, serum prealbumin concentration; TRSF, serum transferrin concentration; UA, serum uric acid concentration; BMI, body mass index; nPCR, normalized protein catabolic rate; IDWG, interdialytic weight gain; VitD, serum vitamin D concentration; iPTH, serum intact parathormone concentration; Kt/V, hemodialysis adequacy index; spKt/V, single-pool index of hemodialysis adequacy; URR, urea reduction ratio; MMDI, mean monthly dose of i.v. iron.