Thyroid Cancer-Associated Mitochondrial DNA Mutation G3842A Promotes Tumorigenicity via ROS-Mediated ERK1/2 Activation

Figure 1

Genomic characterization of mitochondrial (mt) DNA mutations identified in patients with thyroid carcinoma. (a) Distribution and frequency of mtDNA-mutated genes encoding mitochondrial complex enzymes. The mutation frequency is shown with different colors. (b) Frequency of mtDNA mutations in mitochondrial complexes I, II, III, and IV. (c) Proportion of mutation types in identified mtDNA mutations. (d) Rate of different base substitutions in nonsense and missense mutations. The proportions of base transitions and base transversions are also indicated. (e) Frequency of mtDNA mutations in different triplet codons. The mutation frequency is shown with different colors. (f) Mutation rates of the first, second, and third bases. (g) Frequencies of different types of changes in the polarity of amino acids. Non: nonpolar amino acid; Alk: alkaline amino acid; Acid: acidic amino acid; Neu: neutral amino acid.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)