GLX351322, a Novel NADPH Oxidase 4 Inhibitor, Attenuates TMJ Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting the ROS/MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathways

Figure 4

GLX suppresses the LPS-induced inflammatory reaction in RAW 264.7 macrophages. (a) Pro-inflammatory gene expression evaluated by RT-qPCR in RAW 264.7 macrophages after negative control, LPS, LPS with 10 μM GLX treatment, and LPS with 40 μM GLX treatment ( independent samples). (b) Immunofluorescence of iNOS in RAW 264.7 macrophages after negative control, LPS, LPS with 10 μM GLX treatment, and LPS with 40 μM GLX treatment. (c) Quantification of the iNOS positive cells (%) ( independent samples). (d) Western blotting of the activation of MAPKs (p38, ERK, and JNK) signaling pathways after negative control, LPS, LPS with 10 μM GLX treatment, and LPS with 40 μM GLX treatment ( independent samples). (e) Western blotting of the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway after negative control, LPS, LPS with 10 μM GLX treatment, and LPS with 40 μM GLX treatment ( independent samples). The data represent the from three independent replicates (one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests). , compared with the control group; ^#, compared with the LPS group; ^&& compared with the 10 μM GLX treatment group.

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