Research Article

Effectiveness of Repetitive Facilitative Exercise Combined with Electrical Stimulation Therapy to Improve Very Severe Paretic Upper Limbs in with Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Figure 3

FMA item gain comparison of each group. FMA: Fugl-Meyer Assessment; NMES: neuromuscular electrical stimulation; RFE: repetitive facilitative exercise; CT: conventional training. (a) FMA upper limb total score, (b) FMA shoulder and elbow score, (c) FMA wrist score, (d) FMA finger score. Scatter plot (circles: individual patients) and box-and-whisker plot (minimum, quartiles, and maximum) of FMA gain in each group, Black circle: outliers over . Significant differences were observed in the upper limb total score, wrist, and finger FMA scores between CT and NMES under RFE (, ).
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