Research Article
Daily Exercise Patterns and Their Differences between Parkinson’s Disease Patients with and without Postural Instability
Table 1
Demographics, exercise patterns, and PASE scores of Parkinson’s disease patients.
| | Total (n = 263) | HY 1-2 (n = 210) | HY 3-4 (n = 53) | value |
| | Demographics | | Age (years) | 67.7 ± 29.2 | 66.5 ± 9.2 | 72.3 ± 7.1 | <0.001 | | Male, n (%) | 129 (49.0) | 104 (49.5) | 25 (47.2) | 0.759 | | BMI (kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 5.8 | 24.6 ± 3.3 | 25.5 ± 11.2 | 0.276 | | Disease duration (years) | 8.3 ± 5.2 | 7.4 ± 4.6 | 11.5 ± 6.1 | <0.001 | | UPDRS part 3 | 17.6 ± 8.2 | 15.9 ± 8.2 | 24.1 ± 8.6 | <0.001 | | LEDD (mg/day) | 610.8 ± 400.4 | 535.9 ± 354.2 | 907.6 ± 437.0 | <0.001 | | Exercise behaviors | | Frequency (times/week) | 4.7 ± 2.1 | 4.8 ± 2.1 | 4.3 ± 2.2 | 0.281 | | Exercise amount (hours/week) | 7.8 ± 6.7 | 8.5 ± 6.9 | 5.0 ± 4.9 | <0.001 | | Exercise intensity (mild/moderate/high), n (%) | 120 (45.6)/93 (35.4)/43 (16.3) | 88 (41.9)/82 (39.0)/39 (18.6) | 32 (60.4)/11 (20.8)/4 (7.5) | <0.001 | | Categories of primary exercise, n (%) | | None | 7 (2.7) | 1 (0.5) | 6 (11.3) | — | | Aerobic/resistance/stretching | 189 (71.9)/43 (16.3)/24 (9.1) | 152 (72.4)/39 (18.6)/18 (8.6) | 37 (69.8)/4 (7.5)/6 (11.3) | — | | Home-based/ sports facility-based | 207 (78.7)/49 (18.6) | 164 (78.1)/45 (21.4) | 43 (81.1)/4 (7.5) | 0.020 | | Group exercise | 22 (8.4) | 22 (10.5) | 0 | 0.010 | | PASE (total score) | 51.5 ± 45.4 | 55.9 ± 47.1 | 34.1 ± 32.8 | <0.001 | | Leisure exercise | 25.7 ± 22.0 | 28.2 ± 22.7 | 16.2 ± 16.2 | <0.001 | | Work/volunteering | 6.8 ± 25.9 | 7.5 ± 27.1 | 4.0 ± 20.2 | 0.368 | | Household | 19.0 ± 21.4 | 20.3 ± 22.3 | 13.9 ± 17.0 | 0.092 |
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HY, Hoehn–Yahr stage; BMI, body mass index; UPDRS, unified Parkinson’s disease rating sale; LEDD, levodopa equivalent daily dose; PASE, Physical Activity Scale of the Elderly.
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