Parkinson’s Disease

Review Article

Vulnerability of Parkinson’s Patients to COVID-19 and Its Consequences and Effects on Them: A Systematic Review

Table 6

Worsened symptoms in Parkinson’s patients who have been affected in the pandemic.
Worsened symptomsReferencesTotal
[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][5][39][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]
1. Abnormalities of movement (motor functioning)+  + +       +  +++7
 1.1. Tremor/shaking+++   +    ++   +  7
 1.2. Walking troubles+    +   +   +     4
 1.3. Gait and balance disturbances+    ++    ++      5
 1.4. Bradykinesia     ++     +   +  4
 1.5. Dyskinesia     ++         +  3
 1.6. Rigidity (frigidity)+     +    ++   +  5
 1.7. Falling         +         1
 1.8. Fatigue+    +   + +  + +  6
 1.9. Postural stability            +      1
2. Nonmotor functioning (psychiatric symptomatology) +  +       +     +4
 2.1. Pain++   +     +    +  5
 2.2. Sensations (such as aches, cramps, and tingling)      ++           2
 2.3. Distress/depression   ++  +++ + +  +  8
 2.4. Akinesia+                  1
 2.5. Anxiety and stress+  +   +++     +++ 8
 2.6. Cognitive dysfunction     ++       +    3
 2.7. Sleep disorders (insomnia)+     +     + + ++ 6
 2.8. Speech disorders (stuttering) +   +             2
 2.9. Perceptual problems+                  1
 2.10. Fear and depression   +           +   2
 2.11. Appetite                +  1
 2.12. Memory difficulties and concentration   +       +  +    3
 2.13. Loneliness or worry        ++        +3
 2.14. Increased need for assistance         +         1
 2.15. Mood disturbances (anger, irritability, and frustration)    +     + + + ++ 6
Negative impact of the pandemic in Parkinson’s patients (yes or no)YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYes: 1, No: 1