Pediatric Diabetes

Research Article

Glycated Hemoglobin is a Significant Predictor of Femoral, but Not of Carotid or Popliteal, Intima-Media Thickness in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Case-Series Study

Table 2

IMTs in the carotid, femoral, and popliteal arteries based on the HbA1c levels in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.


Segments:	HbA1c (%)			-value^†
Segments:	≤7	7< and ≤10	>10	-value^†

CCA (mm)
Right maximum	0.539 ± 0.006	0.536 ± 0.004	0.531 ± 0.008	0.478
Left maximum	0.522 ± 0.006	0.531 ± 0.004	0.526 ± 0.008	0.604
Maximum	0.530 ± 0.005	0.533 ± 0.003	0.528 ± 0.006	0.933
Right mean	0.427 ± 0.005	0.429 ± 0.003	0.425 ± 0.006	0.902
Left mean	0.416 ± 0.005	0.423 ± 0.003	0.414 ± 0.006	0.879
Mean	0.422 ± 0.004	0.426 ± 0.002	0.419 ± 0.005	0.872
ICA (mm)
Right maximum	0.448 ± 0.008	0.455 ± 0.004	0.454 ± 0.009	0.493
Left maximum	0.434 ± 0.008	0.447 ± 0.004	0.463 ± 0.009	0.024
Maximum	0.441 ± 0.006	0.451 ± 0.003	0.458 ± 0.007	0.055
Right mean	0.377 ± 0.006	0.384 ± 0.004	0.383 ± 0.008	0.442
Left mean	0.368 ± 0.006	0.376 ± 0.004	0.375 ± 0.007	0.379
Mean	0.373 ± 0.005	0.380 ± 0.003	0.379 ± 0.006	0.310
Bulb (mm)
Right maximum	0.508 ± 0.009	0.522 ± 0.005	0.520 ± 0.011	0.370
Left maximum	0.503 ± 0.009	0.518 ± 0.005	0.543 ± 0.011	0.009
Maximum	0.505 ± 0.007	0.520 ± 0.004	0.531 ± 0.009	0.027
Right mean	0.435 ± 0.007	0.445 ± 0.004	0.441 ± 0.009	0.544
Left mean	0.422 ± 0.008	0.436 ± 0.005	0.460 ± 0.009	0.003
Mean	0.429 ± 0.006	0.441 ± 0.004	0.451 ± 0.007	0.027
IMT maximum (mm)	0.492 ± 0.004	0.502 ± 0.003	0.506 ± 0.005	0.032
IMT mean (mm)	0.408 ± 0.004	0.416 ± 0.002	0.416 ± 0.004	0.085
CFA (mm)
Right maximum	0.635 ± 0.022	0.664 ± 0.013	0.736 ± 0.027	0.006
Left maximum	0.618 ± 0.023	0.649 ± 0.013	0.647 ± 0.028	0.336
Maximum	0.627 ± 0.019	0.657 ± 0.011	0.701 ± 0.023	0.013
Right mean	0.550 ± 0.020	0.577 ± 0.012	0.627 ± 0.024	0.018
Left mean	0.539 ± 0.021	0.558 ± 0.012	0.559 ± 0.025	0.471
Mean	0.545 ± 0.017	0.568 ± 0.010	0.602 ± 0.021	0.032
Triple line pattern (%)	55.74	67.05	66.67	0.195
PLA (mm)
Right maximum	0.501 ± 0.010	0.493 ± 0.006	0.534 ± 0.013	0.066
Left maximum	0.512 ± 0.010	0.520 ± 0.006	0.529 ± 0.012	0.264
Maximum	0.506 ± 0.008	0.507 ± 0.004	0.531 ± 0.009	0.050
Right mean	0.427 ± 0.009	0.419 ± 0.005	0.458 ± 0.011	0.060
Left mean	0.434 ± 0.007	0.444 ± 0.004	0.444 ± 0.009	0.291
Mean	0.430 ± 0.006	0.432 ± 0.004	0.451 ± 0.008	0.045
Triple line pattern (%)	3.28	7.51	14.29	0.042

Data are shown as means ± SD for continuous variables and as percentage for binary variables. ^† values are for testing trends with adjustment for sex and age. Abbreviations: Bulb, carotid bulb; CCA, common carotid artery; CFA, common femoral artery; ICA, internal carotid artery; PLA, popliteal artery.