The Effect of COVID-19 on Type 1 Diabetes Occurrence among Children and Adolescents: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Cohort Study in Israel

Table 1

COVID-19 seroprevalence of children with type 1 diabetes and matched controls.

Characteristic	Control (n = 182)	Diabetes (n = 51)	p-value
Age (years)	11.4 (8.3–13.3)	11.1 (7.5–13.6)	0.9
Female gender n (%)	84 (46.2)	23 (45.1)	0.9
Positive anti-S antibodies n (%)	102 (56)	30 (59)	0.7
Positive anti-N antibodies n (%)	65 (36)	19 (37)	0.7
Positive neutralizing antibodies n (%)	101 (55)	28 (55)	0.2
Neutralizing antibody value, unadjusted to vaccination status	512 (128–2,048)	256 (64–1,024)	0.02
Neutralizing antibody value, adjusted to vaccination status	256 (80–896)	256 (128–2,048)	0.5

All the parameters are displayed as median (Q1, Q3) except the neutralizing antibodies, which are displayed as geometric means.