Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Cameroon: Prevalence and Predictors—A Multisetting Community-Based Study

Table 6

Main results of recent studies on the prediction of COPD in SSA.

N°	Author; (reference)	Country,; year of; publication	Design, population,; and sample size	Measure; of; association	Strength of association
					Age	Tobacco; smoking	History; of TB	Biomass; fuel; exposure	History of; asthma
1	Gemert et al.; [28]	Uganda; 2015	Prospective cohort,; Rural  yr, 588	aOR	NS	NS	NA	NS	NA
2	Hooper et al.; [15]	International,; 2012	Cross-sectional,; community-based,; >40 yr, 9 606	oAR	2.14	1.34	1.72	NS	NA
3	Idolor et al.; [21]	Philippines,; 2011	Cross-sectional,; >40 yr, 722	aOR	NS	2.86	6.31	3.48	NA
4	Kayondo; et al. [30]	Uganda,; 2020	Cross-sectional,; rural facility-based,; HIV-infected; adults, 722	aOR	NA	NS	4.92	NA	NA
5	Lamprecht; et al. [8]	International,; 2011	Cross-sectional,; community-based,; >40 yr, 4 291	aOR	NS	NS^§	NS	NS
6	Lee et al.; [19]	Korea,; 2011	Cross sectional,; >18 yr, 3 687	aOR		2.18	2.64	NA	NA
7	Lee et al.; [20]	Taiwan,; 2012	Cohort, nationwide,; adults, 19 056	HR	1.047	NA	2.054	NA	NA
8	Magitta et al.; [26]	Tanzania,; 2018	Cross-sectional,; ≥35 yr old, 869	aOR	4.02 (41-50) 9.35 (51-60) 3.18 (>60)	1.39	5.93	NA^¥	NA
9	Mbatchou; Ngahane et al.; [42]	Cameroon,; 2015	Cross-sectional,; suburban women; yr old, 300	aΔFEV1 (in ml)	-27^β,β	NS	NA	-120	NA
10	Pefura-Yone; et al. [32]	Cameroon,; 2015	Case control/HIV,; facility-based,; >18 yr, 922	aOR	NS	NS	4.27	2.5	NA
11	Woldeamanuel; et al. [25]	Ethiopia; 2019	Cross sectional,; Abeshge District,; ≥30 yr, 734	aOR	1.91	4.2	NA	2.2	NA
12	Zoller et al.; [24]	Tanzania; 2018	Cross-sectional,; facility-based, 598	ΔFEV1% predicted^€	NA	NS	6.34	NS	NA

TB = tuberculosis; yr = years old; a = adjusted; OR = odds ratio; NS = not significant; NA = not assessed or not mentioned; HR = hazard ratio. Multicentric BOLD study, 14 countries. ^βFor 10-year change. ^§Passive smoking. Men/women. ^¥99.5% of population was exposed to biomass fuel. Age range in years, (≥50 vs. <50) years. ^β,βFor 1-year change. ^€Difference in forced expiratory volume at the first second’s percent of predicted, between exposed and nonexposed.