The Hepatoprotection by Oleanolic Acid Preconditioning: Focusing on PPARα Activation

Figure 3

OA attenuates the production of inflammatory cytokines in ConA-induced liver injury. Notes. (a, b) The relative plasma (a) and mRNA (b) TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels at 2, 8, and 24 h after ConA injection and pretreatment with low (20 mg/kg), intermediate (40 mg/kg), and high (80 mg/kg) doses of OA. (c) Protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were evaluated by western blotting and the gray values were calculated. (d) Immunohistochemistry staining (200x magnification) of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in liver tissues after 8 h of treatment with ConA. The ratio of brown area to total area was analyzed with Image-Pro Plus 6.0 (; for oil versus ConA; for ConA + OA (20 mg/kg) versus ConA; for ConA + OA (40 mg/kg) versus ConA; for ConA + OA (80 mg/kg) versus ConA).

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