Effects of Glutathione on Mechanical Allodynia and Central Sensitization in Chronic Postischemic Pain Rats

<div>Changes in the relative density of pGluN1 protein in the ipsilateral (left) spinal cord segment (L4-5). Expression of pGluN1 was measured by western blot on post-op day 3. Three rats were randomly selected from each group and sacrificed. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean. <svg height="6.01072pt" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-0.04980993pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 7.75925 6.01072" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M471 153C471 170 463 194 452 212C400 220 373 229 322 255C373 281 400 290 452 298C463 316 471 339 471 357C456 366 431 371 410 370C377 329 356 310 308 279C311 336 317 364 336 413C326 432 310 451 294 459C279 451 262 432 252 413C271 364 277 336 280 279C232 310 211 329 178 370C157 371 132 367 117 357C117 340 125 316 136 298C188 290 215 281 266 255C215 229 188 220 136 212C125 194 117 171 117 153C132 144 157 139 178 140C211 181 232 200 280 231C277 174 271 146 252 97C262 78 278 59 294 51C309 59 326 78 336 97C317 146 311 174 308 231C356 200 377 181 410 140C431 139 456 143 471 153Z" id="g113-43"></path></g></svg> indicates values significantly different from the sham group. <svg height="9.65131pt" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-1.30249pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 6.4935 9.65131" width="6.4935pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M268 -96C266 -60 266 -30 266 15C266 137 279 242 297 282C273 328 265 361 263 405C323 403 358 393 390 373C407 380 431 401 442 421C431 440 407 461 390 467C358 446 323 438 263 435C266 502 272 528 301 578C288 603 266 628 245 639C225 628 202 603 189 578C218 528 224 502 227 435C167 438 132 447 101 467C82 460 59 439 48 420C59 400 82 380 100 373C131 393 167 403 227 405C225 361 219 328 194 282C212 242 223 137 223 15C224 -30 224 -60 222 -96H268Z" id="g113-15"></path></g></svg> indicates values significantly different from the CPIP group. <svg height="9.65131pt" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-1.30249pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 6.48047 9.65131" width="6.48047pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M443 127C432 146 409 167 392 173C359 153 324 144 262 142V145C262 219 272 257 301 282C271 311 264 350 262 419C324 418 359 407 392 387C409 394 433 415 443 434C433 453 411 474 390 480C359 460 324 451 262 449C265 501 273 528 302 578C288 603 266 628 245 639C226 628 203 603 190 578C218 528 226 501 229 449C167 451 132 460 99 480C82 474 59 453 48 434C59 414 82 394 99 387C132 407 167 418 229 419C227 350 220 311 190 282C220 257 227 217 229 142C167 144 132 153 99 173C82 167 59 146 48 127C59 107 82 87 99 80C132 100 167 110 229 112C226 44 218 17 190 -33C203 -58 226 -83 246 -94C265 -83 288 -58 302 -33C273 17 265 44 262 112C324 110 359 100 392 80C409 87 432 108 443 127Z" id="g113-16"></path></g></svg> indicates values significantly different from the CPIP + GSH 100 group. <svg height="9.2729pt" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 44.8393 9.2729" width="44.8393pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 480C600 590 528 650 384 650H143L137 622C222 614 225 607 210 531L130 127C113 41 106 36 23 28L17 0H294L300 28C204 36 195 42 212 127L243 284L314 263C327 263 339 263 352 264C465 271 600 337 600 480ZM508 481C508 351 402 304 329 304C289 304 265 311 250 317L295 559C302 594 310 606 323 611C335 616 350 619 367 619C455 619 508 573 508 481Z" id="g113-81"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)"><path d="M512 -3V55L134 254V256L512 456V514L75 281V230L512 -3Z" id="g117-91"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)"><path d="M113 -12C146 -12 170 11 170 46C170 78 146 103 114 103S58 78 58 46C58 11 82 -12 113 -12Z" id="g113-47"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)"><path d="M153 550H386L412 615L406 623H120L82 318C104 327 142 338 184 338C294 338 347 275 347 187C347 112 305 39 221 39C160 39 119 71 97 89C88 97 80 96 71 90C59 80 50 67 49 57C48 45 52 36 66 23C80 9 123 -12 169 -12C221 -11 288 15 342 59C403 109 431 165 431 225C431 308 366 395 238 395C212 395 165 379 127 364L153 550Z" id="g113-54"></path></g></svg> was considered statistically significant. CPIP: chronic postischemic pain, GSH: glutathione, and pGluN1: phosphorylated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1.</div>

Pain Research and Management

fig4

Figure 4

Figure 4: Effects of Glutathione on Mechanical Allodynia and Central Sensitization in Chronic Postischemic Pain Rats 