Open-Label Placebo Trial among Japanese Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain

Figure 2

Changes in outcomes by the treatment group at week 3. Mean change scores on RMDQ score, pain-NRS, and TUG time. Error bars represent standard errors of the mean. RMDQ: Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire; NRS: Numerical Rating Scale; TUG: Timed-Up-and-Go.