Comparative Analgesic Efficacies of Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine for Postoperative Rectus Sheath Block in Paediatric Abdominal Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial and Retrospective Cohort Studies

Table 1

Study characteristics included in analysis.

Author and publication year	Study design	Characteristics N (RSB/control)	Gender (M%, RSB/LAI)	Age (mean, RSB/LAI)	Control group	Surgery	Local analgesic	Analgesic conc.	Pain score	Adverse effect with opioid (PONV)
Isaac and colleagues [14]	Pilot study	13 (7 : 6)	43%; 83%	5.9; 3.9	LAI	Umbilical hernia repair	BPV	0.8 ml/kg of 0.25%	CHEOPS	0 : 01
Gurnaney and colleagues [12]	Prospective randomized observer-blinded	52 (26 : 26)	54%; 56%	7.7; 7.9	LAI	Umbilical hernia repair	BPV	1.5 mg/kg of 0.25%	FACES	4 : 02
Dingeman and colleagues [10]	Prospective RCT	52 (27 : 25)	44%; 56%	6.0; 6.1	LAI	Umbilical hernia repair	RPV	0.5 mL/kg of 0.2%	FACES	NA
Flack and colleagues [11]	Randomized blinded	40 (20 : 20)	40%; 25%	5.85; 4.95	LAI	Umbilical hernia repair	BPV	0.5 mL/kg of 0.25%	FLACC 1–3 y/o, FACES 4–17 y/o	NA
Hamill and colleagues [13]	RCT	130 (63 : 67)	59%; 67%	5.3; 5.3	Normal saline	Appendectomy	BPV	2.5 mg/kg of 0.25%	FPS-R	NA
Uchinami and colleagues [17]	Prospective randomized trial	34 (17 : 17)	59%; 59%	3.8; 4.3	LAI	Laparoscopic surgery	RPV	0.4 ml/kg of 0.375%	FLACC	2 : 02
Maloney and colleagues [15]	Retrospective analysis	275 (136 : 139)	62%; 60%	11.65; 11.27	LAI	Trans-umbilical laparotomy-assisted appendectomy	BPV	0.25%/0.5%; total of 1 ml/kg/0.5 ml/kg	FACES < 12 y/o; VAS > 12 y/o	NA
Tamura and colleagues [16]	RCT	76 (38 : 38)	47%; 42%	5.03; 4.92	LAI	Inguinal hernia repair	RPV	0.5 ml/kg of 0.25%	FLACC/FS	1 : 01

RSB: rectal sheath block; LAI: local anaesthetic infiltration.