Clinical Outcomes of “U” Route Transforaminal Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy in Chronic Pain Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Combined with Disc Herniation

<div>Intraoperative images of PELD of a case at L4-5 with “U” route PELD. The location of the working channel using fluoroscopy is showing in (a) anteroposterior and (b) sagittal. (c) The SAP was removed with a trepan for foraminoplasty. (d) The endoscopic image when trepan was introduced for posterior LF resection for dorsal decompression. (e) The forceps was introduced to remove dorsal LF. (f) Dorsal and ventral LF of the L5 nerve root was fully decompressed. SAP = superior articular process, LF = ligamentum flavum, and NR = nerve root.</div>

Pain Research and Management

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Figure 1

Figure 1: Clinical Outcomes of “U” Route Transforaminal Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy in Chronic Pain Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Combined with Disc Herniation 

Figure 1 | Clinical Outcomes of “U” Route Transforaminal Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy in Chronic Pain Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Combined with Disc Herniation 