Clinical Outcomes of “U” Route Transforaminal Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy in Chronic Pain Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Combined with Disc Herniation

<div>MRI scans of a case with lumbar stenosis at L4-5 with “U” route PELD. (a, b) Preoperative sagittal and cross-sectional MRI images, the lumbar stenosis, and disc herniation are indicated by the red circle. (c, d) Postoperative MRI images are showing ventral and dorsal decompression. The red arrow indicates that the removal of partly ventral osteophyte of SAP, herniated NP, and hypertrophic LF at L5. SAP = superior articular process, NP = nucleus pulposus, and LF = ligamentum flavum.</div>

Pain Research and Management

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Figure 2: Clinical Outcomes of “U” Route Transforaminal Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy in Chronic Pain Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Combined with Disc Herniation 

Figure 2 | Clinical Outcomes of “U” Route Transforaminal Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy in Chronic Pain Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Combined with Disc Herniation 