The Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Anticipatory Delay of Core Muscles in Patients with Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Table 3
Comparison of relative activation time between/within groups on shoulder flexion ( ± s, unit: ms).
WBV group (n = 20)
Control group (n = 20)
WBV – Control (95% CI)
value
Right ES
Pre-test
41.5 ± 156.5
61.8 ± 125.5
−20.3 (−111.1 to 70.5)
0.653
Post-test
46.5 ± 139.8
71.5 ± 94.6
−25.1 (−101.4 to 51.3)
0.511
value
0.875
0.564
Left ES
Pre-test
34.0 ± 94.5
21.7 ± 95.2
12.2 (−48.5 to 72.9)
0.686
Post-test
5.6 ± 71.9
−1.6 ± 68.7
7.2 (−37.8 to 52.2)
0.748
value
0.089
0.083
Right MF
Pre-test
85.2 ± 94.4
54.6 ± 103.7
30.6 (−32.9 to 94.1)
0.335
Post-test
48.6 ± 78.7
71.1 ± 98.2
−23.1 (−80.0 to 33.9)
0.418
value
0.014
0.281
Left MF
Pre-test
68.3 ± 81.9
52.3 ± 99.0
16.0 (−42.1 to 74.2)
0.580
Post-test
30.2 ± 81.1
56.9 ± 95.1
−26.7 (−83.3 to 29.9)
0.346
value
0.011
0.710
Right TrA/IO
Pre-test
147.2 ± 79.9
202.2 ± 94.0
−55.1 (−110.9 to 0.8)
0.053
Post-test
103.4 ± 96.4
205.9 ± 125.1
−102.5 (−174.0 to −31.0)
0.006
value
0.008
0.860
Left TrA/IO
Pre-test
160.3 ± 119.3
222.8 ± 168.2
−62.5 (−155.9 to 30.8)
0.183
Post-test
97.2 ± 159.0
195.2 ± 147.9
−98.0 (−196.3 to 0.3)
0.051
value
0.026
0.167
Right RA
Pre-test
259.4 ± 137.1
236.1 ± 162.2
23.3 (−72.9 to 119.4)
0.627
Post-test
234.0 ± 118.1
218.2 ± 156.7
15.8 (−73.0 to 104.6)
0.721
value
0.337
0.346
Left RA
Pre-test
231.4 ± 155.0
267.7 ± 132.3
−36.4 (−128.6 to 55.9)
0.430
Post-test
174.3 ± 147.8
272.0 ± 141.7
−97.8 (−190.4 to −5.1)
0.039
value
0.062
0.772
Relative activation time = muscle onset time-prime mover onset time (ms), a negative value indicated that the target muscle fired before the prime mover, and vice versa. WBV, whole-body vibration; ES, erector spinae; MF, multifidus; TrA/IO, transversus abdominus/internal oblique; RA, rectus abdominis; CI, confidence interval. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.Analyzed by the independent-samples t-test;analyzed by the paired-samples t-test;significant at .
